https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMEcimKpiMUI went ahead and used the same method, but without a CRT shader, to more clearly show what this technique is actually doing to the image. The first half of the video uses the "Pixellate" shader, which is basically nearest neighbor without the rounding errors, and the second half has no shader at all and is basically straight bilinear upscaling.
I think I could get used to playing the game with supersampling and a CRT shader, but if I did, I would definitely do some gamma compensation; the video linked by sen is just too dark.
